March 21st we celebrate World Down syndrome Day. This date was chosen as it signifies the triplication (trisomy) of the 21st chromosome, which causes Down syndrome.  It is a day that was declared by the United Nations General Assembly, to be observed upon and to grow awareness of Down syndrome. Raising awareness of this condition ensures that the facts are brought to light. Myths and misconceptions are dismissed and in doing that mindsets and attitudes can be changed positively.

What is Down’s syndrome?
Down syndrome is a genetic condition that causes delays in physical and intellectual development. It is important to note that each case of Down syndrome is very unique and each child diagnosed with Down syndrome has different physical and intellectual needs. Persons with Down syndrome have 47 chromosomes instead of the usual 46. At conception, a baby inherits genetic information from its parents, 23 from the mother and 23 from the father. It is the extra genetic material that causes the physical features and developmental delays associated with Down syndrome. The chances of Down syndrome increase with advancing maternal age. However, interestingly enough, 80% of children with Down syndrome are born to women under 35 years of age.

For a parent there is so much unknown about the future of a child with Down syndrome. Whether they will have health complications, will they learn to do all the things typical kids do; walk, talk, read, and attend school? Will they live independently as adults, and work meaningful jobs or even marry? The reality is that early intervention and medical advances have changed the face of Down syndrome completely. Better teaching approaches are helping young people with Down syndrome achieve more, ensuring a brighter future.

People with Down syndrome have several challenges that they have to face, but thanks to recent advances in medical treatment and social inclusion, the life expectancy as well as the quality of life has increased significantly.